Adjustable bladder system for an article of footwear

ABSTRACT

An adjustable bladder system for an article of footwear is disclosed. The bladder system includes an outer bladder that may be inflated using an external pump. In addition, one or more tensile members may be disposed internally to the outer bladder to provide enhanced support. A valve member may also be disposed internally to the outer bladder. The valve member can include a contoured edge to provide a contoured shape for the outer bladder.

BACKGROUND

The present embodiments relate generally to an article of footwear, andin particular to an article of footwear with a bladder system.

SUMMARY

In one aspect, the embodiments provide a bladder system for an articleof footwear, comprising: a sole structure including an outer bladderbounding an interior cavity; at least one tensile member disposed insidethe interior cavity; a valve member disposed inside the interior cavity,the valve member providing fluid communication between the interiorcavity and an exterior of the outer bladder; where the inner bladder issealed and has a substantially fixed internal pressure; and where theinternal pressure of the outer bladder can be adjusted.

In another aspect, the embodiments provide a bladder system for anarticle of footwear, comprising: a sole structure including an outerbladder, the outer bladder bounding an interior cavity; the outerbladder being substantially deformable; a valve member disposed insidethe interior cavity, the valve member including a valve and a fluidpassage that provides fluid communication between the valve and theinterior cavity; the valve member including a contoured surface that isdisposed against a portion of outer bladder; and where the contouredsurface of the valve member provides a contoured shape for the portionof outer bladder.

In another aspect, a bladder system for an article of footwear includesa sole structure including an outer bladder bounding an interior cavity,where the outer bladder includes a first portion and a second portion.The bladder system also includes at least one support structure disposedinside the interior cavity and a valve member disposed inside theinterior cavity, where the valve member provides fluid communicationbetween the interior cavity and an exterior of the outer bladder. The atleast one support structure provides a substantially constant shape forthe second portion of the outer bladder and the valve member provides asubstantially constant shape for the first portion of the outer bladder.

Other systems, methods, features and advantages of the embodiments willbe, or will become, apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art uponexamination of the following figures and detailed description. It isintended that all such additional systems, methods, features andadvantages be included within this description and this summary, bewithin the scope of the embodiments, and be protected by the followingclaims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The embodiments can be better understood with reference to the followingdrawings and description. The components in the figures are notnecessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustratingthe principles of the embodiments. Moreover, in the figures, likereference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout thedifferent views.

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an embodiment of an article of footwearwith a bladder system;

FIG. 2 an isometric exploded view of an embodiment of an article offootwear with a bladder system;

FIG. 3 is an isometric exploded view of an embodiment of a bladdersystem;

FIG. 4 is a side view of an embodiment of an article of footwear with abladder system;

FIG. 5 is a side view of an embodiment of a bladder system;

FIG. 6 is a cutaway view of an embodiment of a bladder system;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a bladder system;

FIG. 8 is an isometric view of an embodiment of an article of footwearwith a bladder system in a partially inflated state;

FIG. 9 is an isometric view of an embodiment of article of footwear witha bladder system in a fully inflated state;

FIG. 10 is an alternative embodiment of an article of footwear with abladder system;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an article offootwear with a bladder system;

FIG. 12 is an isometric view of an embodiment of an article of footwearwith a full length bladder system;

FIG. 13 is an exploded isometric view of an embodiment of a full lengthbladder system;

FIG. 14 is an isometric view of an embodiment of a full length bladdersystem;

FIG. 15 is a side view of an embodiment of an article of footwear with afull length bladder system;

FIG. 16 is a side view of an embodiment of an article of footwear with afull length bladder system in a partially inflated state;

FIG. 17 is a side view of an embodiment of an article of footwear with afull length bladder system in a fully inflated state;

FIG. 18 is an isometric view of an embodiment of a bladder systemincluding two inner bladders; and

FIG. 19 is an exploded isometric view of an embodiment of a bladdersystem including two inner bladders.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIGS. 1 through 4 illustrate views of an exemplary embodiment of articleof footwear 100. For clarity, the following detailed descriptiondiscusses an exemplary embodiment, in the form of a sports shoe, but itshould be noted that the present embodiments could take the form of anyarticle of footwear including, but not limited to: hiking boots, soccershoes, football shoes, sneakers, rugby shoes, basketball shoes, baseballshoes as well as other kinds of shoes. As shown in FIGS. 1 through 4,article of footwear 100, also referred to simply as article 100, isintended to be used with a left foot; however, it should be understoodthat the following discussion may equally apply to a mirror image ofarticle of footwear 100 that is intended for use with a right foot.

Referring to FIGS. 1 through 4, for purposes of reference, article 100may be divided into forefoot portion 10, midfoot portion 12 and heelportion 14. Forefoot portion 10 may be generally associated with thetoes and joints connecting the metatarsals with the phalanges. Midfootportion 12 may be generally associated with the arch of a foot.Likewise, heel portion 14 may be generally associated with the heel of afoot, including the calcaneus bone. In addition, article 100 may includelateral side 16 and medial side 18. In particular, lateral side 16 andmedial side 18 may be opposing sides of article 100. Furthermore, bothlateral side 16 and medial side 18 may extend through forefoot portion10, midfoot portion 12 and heel portion 14.

It will be understood that forefoot portion 10, midfoot portion 12 andheel portion 14 are only intended for purposes of description and arenot intended to demarcate precise regions of article 100. Likewise,lateral side 16 and medial side 18 are intended to represent generallytwo sides of an article, rather than precisely demarcating article 100into two halves. In addition, forefoot portion 10, midfoot portion 12and heel portion 14, as well as lateral side 16 and medial side 18, canalso be applied to individual components of an article, such as a solestructure and/or an upper.

For consistency and convenience, directional adjectives are employedthroughout this detailed description corresponding to the illustratedembodiments. The term “longitudinal” as used throughout this detaileddescription and in the claims refers to a direction extending a lengthof an article. In some cases, the longitudinal direction may extend froma forefoot portion to a heel portion of the article. Also, the term“lateral” as used throughout this detailed description and in the claimsrefers to a direction extending a width of an article. In other words,the lateral direction may extend between a medial side and a lateralside of an article. Furthermore, the term “vertical” as used throughoutthis detailed description and in the claims refers to a directiongenerally perpendicular to a lateral and longitudinal direction. Forexample, in cases where an article is planted flat on a ground surface,the vertical direction may extend from the ground surface upward. Inaddition, the term “proximal” refers to a portion of a footwearcomponent that is closer to a portion of a foot when an article offootwear is worn. Likewise, the term “distal” refers to a portion of afootwear component that is further from a portion of a foot when anarticle of footwear is worn. It will be understood that each of thesedirectional adjectives may be applied to individual components of anarticle, such as an upper and/or a sole structure.

Article 100 can include upper 102 and sole structure 110. Generally,upper 102 may be any type of upper. In particular, upper 102 may haveany design, shape, size and/or color. For example, in embodiments wherearticle 100 is a basketball shoe, upper 102 could be a high top upperthat is shaped to provide high support on an ankle. In embodiments wherearticle 100 is a running shoe, upper 102 could be a low top upper.

In some embodiments, sole structure 110 may be configured to providetraction for article 100. In addition to providing traction, solestructure 110 may attenuate ground reaction forces when compressedbetween the foot and the ground during walking, running or otherambulatory activities. The configuration of sole structure 110 may varysignificantly in different embodiments to include a variety ofconventional or non-conventional structures. In some cases, theconfiguration of sole structure 110 can be configured according to oneor more types of ground surfaces on which sole structure 110 may beused. Examples of ground surfaces include, but are not limited to:natural turf, synthetic turf, dirt, as well as other surfaces.

Sole structure 110 is secured to upper 102 and extends between the footand the ground when article 100 is worn. In different embodiments, solestructure 110 may include different components. For example, solestructure 110 may include an outsole, a midsole, and/or an insole. Insome cases, one or more of these components may be optional. In anexemplary embodiment, sole structure 110 may include midsole 120 andoutsole 122.

In some cases, midsole 120 may be attached directly to upper 102. Inother cases, midsole 120 may be attached to a sockliner associated withupper 102. In different embodiments, midsole 120 may have differentmaterial characteristics to provide various levels of comfort,cushioning and/or shock absorption. Examples of different materials thatcould be used for midsole 120 include, but are not limited to: foam,rubber, plastic, polymers, as well as any other kinds of materials.

In some cases, outsole 122 may be configured to provide traction forsole structure 110 and article 100. Outsole 122 can include one or moretread elements and/or ground penetrating members such as cleats. Outsole122 can have different material characteristics to provide varyinglevels of traction with a ground. Examples of different materials thatcould be used for outsole 122 include, but are not limited to: plastic,rubber, polymers as well as any other kinds of materials that are bothdurable and wear resistant.

A sole structure can include provisions for enhancing cushioning andshock absorption for an article of footwear. Article 100 may includebladder system 200. Generally, bladder system 200 may be disposed in anyportion of article 100. In some cases, bladder system 200 may bedisposed in forefoot portion 10 of sole structure 110. In other cases,bladder system 200 may be disposed in midfoot portion 12 of solestructure 110. In still other cases, bladder system 200 may be disposedin heel portion 14 of sole structure 110. In an exemplary embodiment,bladder system 200 may be disposed in heel portion 14 of sole structure110.

Bladder system 200 may include outer bladder 202. Outer bladder 202 maycomprise one or more layers that are generally impermeable to fluid. Inthe current embodiment, outer bladder 202 comprises upper layer 220 andlower layer 222 that are joined together at first periphery 221 andsecond periphery 223. Moreover, upper layer 220 and lower layer 222comprise a boundary surface that encloses interior cavity 230.

Outer bladder 202 includes first portion 224 and second portion 226.First portion 224 generally extends into midfoot portion 12 of solestructure 110. Second portion 226 generally extends through heel portion14 of sole structure 110. In addition, in the current embodiment, theheight of outer bladder 202 is substantially constant in second portion226 and tapers in first portion 224.

Bladder system 200 can include valve member 250 that facilitates theinflation of outer bladder 202. Valve member 250 is disposed withininterior cavity 230 of outer bladder 202. Valve member 250 comprises aplug-like portion that receives valve 252 and supports the transfer offluid into outer bladder 202. In some embodiments, valve member 250 maybe substantially more rigid than outer bladder 202. This arrangementhelps protect valve 252 as well as any tubing or fluid lines connectedto valve 252. In other embodiments, however, the rigidity of valvemember 250 could be substantially less than or equal to the rigidity ofouter bladder 202

For purposes of describing valve member 250, valve member 250 may becharacterized by a plurality of surfaces (see FIG. 3). In the currentembodiment, valve member 250 includes first surface 261, second surface262, third surface 263, fourth surface 264 and fifth surface 265. Firstsurface 261 is a forwardly oriented surface and second surface 262 is arearwardly oriented surface. Additionally, third surface 263 is a medialsurface and fourth surface 264 is a lateral surface. Furthermore, fifthsurface 265 is a lower surface.

Valve 252 may be partially inserted into orifice 290 of third surface263. In addition, valve 252 may include fluid port 253 that is exposedon an outer surface of outer bladder 202. In some cases, valve 252 mayprotrude through a portion of outer bladder 202 so that valve 252 canengage with an external pump. In an exemplary embodiment, outer bladder202 is sealed around a portion of valve 252 that extends through outerbladder 202.

Generally, valve 252 may be any type of valve that is configured toengage with an external pump of some kind. In one embodiment, valve 252could be a Schrader valve. In another embodiment, valve 252 could be aPresta valve. In still other embodiments, valve 252 could be any othertype of valve known in the art.

Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, valve member 250 may be configured todeliver fluid between an external pump and interior cavity 230 of outerbladder 202. In some cases, an interior portion of valve member 250 caninclude fluid passage 270. Fluid passage 270 may be a hollowed outportion of valve member 250 that extends between third surface 263 andsecond surface 262. In some cases, a tube or fluid line may be disposedwithin fluid passage 270. In other cases, fluid may travel through fluidpassage 270 directly, without the use of a separate tube or fluid line.In the current embodiment, fluid line 276 extends between valve 252 andfluid outlet 278 of fluid line 276. This arrangement provides fluidcommunication between interior chamber 230 and an external pump that maybe engaged with valve 252 so that outer bladder 202 can be inflated.

Referring back to FIGS. 1 through 4, in some embodiments, bladder system200 may include one or more supporting structures disposed within outerbladder 202. In different embodiments, different types of supportingstructures could be used including, but not limited to: tensile membersand inner bladders. In one embodiment, bladder system may include one ormore tensile members disposed within outer bladder 202. In the currentembodiment, bladder system 200 includes first tensile member 204 andsecond tensile member 206. Although two tensile members are used in thecurrent embodiment, other embodiments could include a single tensilemember. Still other embodiments could include more than two tensilemembers.

Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 3, in order to provide stability andsupport, first tensile member 204 and second tensile member 206 may bearranged as a stacked tensile member 300. In some cases, stacked tensilemember 300 may be disposed in interior cavity 230 of outer bladder 202.In some cases, first tensile member 204 and second tensile member 206may be stacked in an approximately vertical direction (that is adirection perpendicular to both the longitudinal and lateral directionsof article 100).

Referring to FIG. 3, first tensile member 204 and second tensile member206 may be spaced textiles (or spacer-knit textiles). In particular,first tensile member 204 and second tensile member 206 may includetextile layers 310 as well as connecting members 312 that extend betweenthe textile layers 310. For example, first tensile member 204 includesfirst textile layer 320 and second textile layer 322, while secondtensile member 206 includes third textile layer 324 and fourth textilelayer 326. In some cases, first textile layer 320 may be attached toupper layer 220 of outer bladder 202. Additionally, in some cases,fourth textile layer 326 may be attached to lower layer 222 of outerbladder 202. Furthermore, in some cases, second textile layer 322 andthird textile layer 324 may be attached to one another to join firsttensile member 204 and second tensile member 206.

In some embodiments, first tensile member 204 could be substantiallysimilar to second tensile member 206. In other embodiments, however,first tensile member 204 could differ from second tensile member 206 insize, shape, material characteristics as well as any other features. Inthe current embodiment, first tensile member 204 may share substantiallysimilar material and structural properties to second tensile member 206.In addition, first tensile member 204 may have a substantially similargeometry to second tensile member 206.

Using this arrangement, first tensile member 204 and second tensilemember 206 may provide structural reinforcement for outer bladder 202.In particular, as a compression force is applied to outer bladder 202(such as during heel contact with a ground surface) the outward force offluid puts connecting members 312 in tension. This acts to preventfurther outward movement of textile layers 310 and thereby preventsfurther outward movement of outer bladder 202. This arrangement helps tocontrol the deformation of outer bladder 202, which might otherwise befully compressed during heel strikes with a ground surface.

Examples of different configurations for a bladder including tensilemembers are disclosed in Swigart, U.S. Patent Publication NumberUS2012/0102782, published May 3, 2012 (U.S. application Ser. No.12/938,175, filed Nov. 2, 2010), the entirety of which is herebyincorporated by reference. Further examples are disclosed in Dua, U.S.Pat. No. 8,151,486, issued Apr. 10, 2012 (U.S. application Ser. No.12/123,612, filed May 20, 2008) and Rapaport et al., U.S. Pat. No.8,241,451, issued Aug. 14, 2012 (U.S. application Ser. No. 12/123,646,filed May 20, 2008), the entirety of both being hereby incorporated byreference in their entirety. An example of configurations for tensilemembers manufactured using a flat-knitting process is disclosed in Dua,U.S. Pat. No. 8,151,486, issued Apr. 10, 2012 (U.S. application Ser. No.12/123,612, filed May 20, 2008), the entirety of which is herebyincorporated by reference.

A bladder system can include provisions to assist in structurallysupporting an outer bladder. In some cases, one or more tensile membersmay be arranged within an outer bladder to provide structural support tothe outer bladder. In other cases, a valve member may be arranged withinan outer bladder to provide structural support to the outer bladder. Inan exemplary embodiment, tensile members and a valve member may bearranged within an outer bladder to provide structural support to theouter bladder.

Referring to FIG. 2, in some embodiments, first tensile member 204,second tensile member 206 and valve member 250 may be disposedinternally to outer bladder 202 in a manner that provides structuralsupport to outer bladder 202. In particular, the sizes and shapes offirst tensile member 204 and second tensile member 206 may be selectedto substantially fill the interior of second portion 226. For example,in the current embodiment, stacked tensile member 300 has asubstantially similar shape to outer bladder 202. Moreover, the size ofstacked tensile member 300 is selected to be substantially similar tothe size of outer bladder 202. For example, in the current embodiment,first tensile member 204 and second tensile member 206 have widths thatare approximately similar to width W1 of second portion 226. Likewise,first tensile member 204 and second tensile member 206 have lengths thatare approximately similar to length L1 of second portion 226. Moreover,when first tensile member 204 and second tensile member 206 are stackedin the vertical direction the combined heights of first tensile member204 and second tensile member 206 is approximately similar to height H1of second portion 226.

Although first tensile member 204 and second tensile member 206 havesubstantially similar dimensions to second portion 226 in the currentembodiment, in other embodiments the dimensions of first tensile member204 and second tensile member 206 could vary. For example, in somecases, the widths of one or more tensile members could be in the rangebetween 50 to 100 percent of the value of width W1. In other cases, thewidths of one or more tensile members could be in the range between 80to 100 percent of the value of width W1. Likewise, in other embodiments,the lengths of one or more tensile members could be in the range between50 to 100 percent of the value of length L1. In other cases, the lengthsof one or more tensile members could be in the range between 80 to 100percent of the value of length L1. Likewise, in other embodiments, thecombined heights of two or more tensile members could vary in the rangebetween 50 to 100 percent of the value of height H1. In other cases, thecombined heights could be in the range between 80 to 100 percent of thevalue of height H1.

Using the arrangement discussed here, first tensile member 204 andsecond tensile member 206 may provide structural support for secondportion 226 of outer bladder 202. In particular, first tensile member204 and second tensile member 206 may help maintain a substantiallyconstant shape for second portion 226 regardless of the inflationpressure of outer bladder 202. This allows a user to adjust the pressureof outer bladder 202 without substantially varying the shape of outerbladder 202. As an example, this arrangement allows a user to adjust thepressure of outer bladder 202 without changing the height of heelportion 14 of article 100.

It will be understood that while two tensile members are used in thecurrent embodiment, other embodiments can include any number of tensilemembers or other supporting structures. In another embodiment, a singletensile member could be used. In still another embodiment, three or moretensile members could be used. In addition, multiple tensile memberscould be stacked or combined in any manner to provide structural supportfor one or more portions of an outer bladder.

Valve member 250 may be disposed within outer bladder 202 in a mannerthat provides structural support to outer bladder 202. In particular,the size and shape of valve member 250 may be selected to substantiallyfill the interior of first portion 224 of outer bladder 202. Forexample, in the current embodiment, the width of valve member 250 may beapproximately equal to width W1 of first portion 224. In addition, inthe current embodiment, the length of valve member 250 may beapproximately equal to length L2 of first portion 224.

Although the width and length of valve member 250 may be substantiallysimilar to the width and length of first portion 224 in the currentembodiment, in other embodiments the dimensions could vary. For example,in other cases, the width of valve member 250 may be in the rangebetween 50 to 100 percent of the value of width W1. In still othercases, the width of valve member 250 may be in the range between 80 to100 percent of the value of width W1. Likewise, in other cases, thelength of valve member 250 may be in the range between 50 to 100 percentof the value of length L2. In still other cases, the length of valvemember 250 may be in the range between 80 to 100 percent of the value oflength L2.

A bladder system can include provisions for maintaining a contoured edgefor an outer bladder. In some embodiments, the geometry of a valvemember can be contoured to provide a contoured edge for an outerbladder. In an exemplary embodiment, a valve member may have a contouredforward surface that provides a contoured edge for a forward portion ofan outer member.

Generally, valve member 250 may be provided with any geometry. In somecases, the geometry of valve member 250 may be approximately box-likewith a rectangular cross section. In other cases, valve member 250 mayhave any other three dimensional geometry including, but not limited to:a cuboid, a sphere, a pyramid, a prism, a cylinder, a cone, a cube, aregular three dimensional shape, an irregular three dimensional shape aswell as any other kind of shape.

Referring to FIGS. 2 through 5, as previously discussed, valve member250 comprises first surface 261 and second surface 262. Second surface262 is an inward facing surface that faces towards an interior of outerbladder 202. In particular, in some cases, second surface 262 may beoriented towards first tensile member 204 and second tensile member 206.In contrast, first surface 261 is an outward facing surface that facestowards an exterior of outer bladder 202. In this case, first surface261 is disposed adjacent to upper layer 220 of outer bladder 202.

In the current embodiment, second surface 262 is a generally flatsurface that extends between lower layer 222 and upper layer 220 ofouter bladder 202. In contrast, first surface 261 is a contoured surfacewith a height that tapers from second surface 262 to fifth surface 265.In some cases, first surface 261 may have a convex shape. Moreover, thecontoured shape of first surface 261 provides a contoured shape forfirst portion 224 of outer bladder 202. In particular, the height offirst portion 224 decreases in a non-linear manner from a maximum heightH1 to approximately zero.

Using the arrangement discussed here, valve member 250 may providestructural support for first portion 224 of outer bladder 202. Inparticular, valve member 250 may help maintain a substantially constantshape for first portion 224 regardless of the inflation pressure ofouter bladder 202. This allows a user to adjust the pressure of outerbladder 202 without substantially varying the shape of outer bladder 202and thus the vertical position of a heel within article 100.Furthermore, the geometry of valve member 250 provides a substantiallycontoured shape for first portion 224 that helps enhance the transitionbetween the different portions of midsole 122 and helps enhance comfort.

FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate embodiments of bladder system 200 in apartially inflated state and a fully inflated state. Referring to FIG.8, outer bladder 202 is in a partially inflated state. In this case,interior cavity 230 has internal pressure P1, indicated schematically inthis Figure. Although outer bladder 202 is only partially inflated, thepresence of first tensile member 204 and second tensile member 206prevents second portion 226 of outer bladder 202 from deforming underforces applied by a foot within article 100. Likewise, the presence ofvalve member 250 prevents first portion 224 from deforming under forcesapplied by a foot within article 100. Referring now to FIG. 9, outerbladder 202 is in a fully inflated state. In this case, interior cavity230 has an internal pressure P2 that is substantially greater thaninternal pressure P1. Although the pressure of outer bladder 202 hassubstantially increased, the overall shape of outer bladder 202 isapproximately unchanged between the partially inflated and fullyinflated states. Specifically, outer bladder 202 has an approximatelength L1, width W1 and height H1 that are substantially unchangedbetween the partially inflated and fully inflated states. Furthermore,valve member 250 provides a substantially contoured shape for firstportion 224 of outer bladder 202 in both the partially inflated stateand the fully inflated state. This arrangement helps maintain a gradualtransition between the cushioned heel portion 14 and the non-cushioningforefoot portion 10 of article 100.

It should be understood that the approximate shapes and dimensions forouter bladder 202 discussed above may be maintained even whencompressive forces are applied to outer bladder 202 by a foot and aground surface. In particular, the shape and volumes of first tensilemember 204, second tensile member 206 and valve member 250 may remainsubstantially constant regardless of the internal pressure of outerbladder 202. Therefore, compressive forces applied to outer bladder 202may not substantially change the sizes and shapes of first tensilemember 204, second tensile member 206 and valve member 250.

An outer bladder can be filled with any type of fluid. In some cases, abladder can be configured to receive a gas including, but not limitedto: air, hydrogen, helium, nitrogen or any other type of gas including acombination of any gases. In other cases, the bladder can be configuredto receive a liquid, such as water or any other type of liquid includinga combination of liquids. In an exemplary embodiment, a fluid used tofill a bladder can be selected according to desired properties such ascompressibility. For example, in cases where it is desirable for abladder to be substantially incompressible, a liquid such as water couldbe used to fill the inflatable portion. Also, in cases where it isdesirable for a bladder to be partially compressible, a gas such as aircould be used to fill the inflatable portion. In an exemplaryembodiment, outer bladder 202 may be filled with air that is pumped intoouter bladder 202 using an external pump of some kind.

Materials that may be useful for forming the outer walls of an outerbladder can vary. In some cases, outer bladder 202 may comprise of arigid to semi-rigid material. In other cases, outer bladder 202 maycomprise of a substantially flexible material. Outer bladder 202 may bemade of various materials in different embodiments. In some embodiments,outer bladder 202 can be made of a substantially flexible and resilientmaterial that is configured to deform under fluid forces. In some cases,outer bladder 202 can be made of a plastic material. Examples of plasticmaterials that may be used include high density polyvinyl-chloride(PVC), polyethylene, thermoplastic materials, elastomeric materials aswell as any other types of plastic materials including combinations ofvarious materials. In embodiments where thermoplastic polymers are usedfor a bladder, a variety of thermoplastic polymer materials may beutilized for the bladder, including polyurethane, polyester, polyesterpolyurethane, and polyether polyurethane. Another suitable material fora bladder is a film formed from alternating layers of thermoplasticpolyurethane and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, as disclosed in U.S.Pat. Nos. 5,713,141 and 5,952,065 to Mitchell et al, hereby incorporatedby reference. A bladder may also be formed from a flexible microlayermembrane that includes alternating layers of a gas barrier material andan elastomeric material, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,082,025 and6,127,026 to Bonk et al., both hereby incorporated by reference. Inaddition, numerous thermoplastic urethanes may be utilized, such asPELLETHANE, a product of the Dow Chemical Company; ELASTOLLAN, a productof the BASF Corporation; and ESTANE, a product of the B.F. GoodrichCompany, all of which are either ester or ether based. Still otherthermoplastic urethanes based on polyesters, polyethers,polycaprolactone, and polycarbonate macrogels may be employed, andvarious nitrogen blocking materials may also be utilized. Additionalsuitable materials are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,183,156 and4,219,945 to Rudy, hereby incorporated by reference. Further suitablematerials include thermoplastic films containing a crystalline material,as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,936,029 and 5,042,176 to Rudy, herebyincorporated by reference, and polyurethane including a polyesterpolyol, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,013,340; 6,203,868; and6,321,465 to Bonk et al., also hereby incorporated by reference. In anexemplary embodiment, outer bladder 202 may comprise one or more layersof thermoplastic-urethane (TPU).

FIGS. 10 and 11 illustrate an alternative embodiment of an article witha bladder system. Referring to FIGS. 10 and 11, article of footwear 1000includes upper 1002 and sole structure 1010. Sole structure 1010 furthercomprises midsole 1022 and outsole 1024.

Sole structure 1010 may also include bladder system 1100. Bladder system1100 includes outer bladder 1102 and valve member 1150. Valve member1150 further includes valve 1152. In this embodiment, the arrangement ofvalve member 1150 and valve 1152 may be substantially similar to theembodiments discussed above. In this case, valve member 1150 includesfluid passage 1170. Moreover, fluid line 1172 extends through fluidpassage 1170 and provides fluid communication between valve 1152 andinterior cavity 1130. This arrangement allows a user to inflate outerbladder 1102 by attaching an external pump to valve 1152.

Generally, valve member 1150 could have any geometry. Examples includeany of the geometries already discussed for valve member 250 of theprevious embodiment. In an exemplary embodiment, valve member 1150 mayhave a substantially similar contoured geometry to the embodimentpreviously discussed and shown in the earlier FIGURES. This arrangementmay provide a smooth transition between portions of midsole 1022 thatinclude outer bladder 1102 and portions of midsole 1022 that do notinclude outer bladder 1102.

A bladder system can include provisions for providing information aboutthe pressure level inside of an interior chamber. In some cases, abladder system can include a pressure gauge of some kind. In anexemplary embodiment, a bladder system can include a pressure gauge thatextends through a portion of a valve member.

In the current embodiment, valve member 1150 includes pressure gaugeassembly 1180. Pressure gauge assembly 1180 comprises spring 1182 andmoveable portion 1184. In addition, valve member 1150 includes recessedportion 1186 that is configured to receive spring 1182 and moveableportion 1184.

As seen in the Figures, moveable portion 1184 may be disposed between aninterior wall of recessed portion 1186 and a portion of outer bladder1102. Spring 1182 is attached to recessed portion 1186 and supportsmoveable portion 1184. As the pressure inside interior cavity 1130varies, the force of fluid against moveable portion 1184 may causespring to expand and/or contract. For example, as the pressure insideinterior cavity 1130 increases, the force of fluid against moveableportion 1184 may cause spring 1182 to contract. As the pressure insideinterior cavity 1130 decreases, a restoring force may cause spring 1182to expand and thereby move moveable portion 1184. Therefore, therelative position of moveable portion 1184 may be used as an indicatorof the pressure inside interior cavity 1130.

In the current embodiment, surface 1161 of valve member 1150 may includemarkings that indicate various pressure levels. In this case, surface1161 includes pressure markings 1190. In some cases, pressure markings1190 may be calibrated to indicate a particular pressure according tothe position of moveable portion 1184. This may allow a user to read offthe internal pressure of outer bladder 1102 by noting the position ofmoveable portion 1184 relative to pressure markings 1190. In particular,in embodiments where outer bladder 1102 is made of a partiallytransparent material, the position of moveable portion 1184 and pressuremarkings 1190 may be visible through outer bladder 1102.

FIGS. 12 through 15 illustrate another embodiment of an article offootwear including a bladder system. Referring to FIGS. 12 through 15,article of footwear 1200, hereby simply referred to as article 1200, caninclude upper 1202 and sole structure 1210. Generally, upper 1202 may beany type of upper. In particular, upper 1202 may have any design, shape,size and/or color. For example, in embodiments where article 1200 is abasketball shoe, upper 1202 could be a high top upper that is shaped toprovide high support on an ankle. In embodiments where article 1200 is arunning shoe, upper 1202 could be a low top upper.

In some embodiments, sole structure 1210 may be configured to providetraction for article 1200. In addition to providing traction, solestructure 1210 may attenuate ground reaction forces when compressedbetween the foot and the ground during walking, running or otherambulatory activities. The configuration of sole structure 1210 may varysignificantly in different embodiments to include a variety ofconventional or non-conventional structures. In some cases, theconfiguration of sole structure 1210 can be configured according to oneor more types of ground surfaces on which sole structure 1210 may beused. Examples of ground surfaces include, but are not limited to:natural turf, synthetic turf, dirt, as well as other surfaces.

Sole structure 1210 is secured to upper 1202 and extends between thefoot and the ground when article 1200 is worn. In different embodiments,sole structure 1210 may include different components. For example, solestructure 1210 may include an outsole, a midsole, and/or an insole. Insome cases, one or more of these components may be optional. In anexemplary embodiment, sole structure 1210 may include midsole 1220 andoutsole 1222.

In some cases, midsole 1220 may be attached directly to upper 1202. Inother cases, midsole 1220 may be attached to a sockliner associated withupper 1202. In a different embodiment, midsole 1220 may have differentmaterial characteristics to provide various levels of comfort,cushioning and/or shock absorption. Examples of different materials thatcould be used for midsole 1220 include, but are not limited to: foam,rubber, plastic, polymers, as well as any other kinds of materials.

In some cases, outsole 1222 may be configured to provide traction forsole structure 1210 and article 1200. Outsole 1222 can include one ormore tread elements and/or ground penetrating members such as cleats.Outsole 1222 can have different material characteristics to providevarying levels of traction with a ground. Examples of differentmaterials that could be used for outsole 1222 include, but are notlimited to: plastic, rubber, polymers as well as any other kinds ofmaterials that are both durable and wear resistant.

A sole structure can include provisions for enhancing cushioning andshock absorption for an article of footwear. Article 1200 may includebladder system 1300. Generally, bladder system 1300 may be disposed inany portion of article 1200. In some cases, bladder system 1300 may bedisposed in forefoot portion 10 of sole structure 1210. In other cases,bladder system 1300 may be disposed in midfoot portion 12 of solestructure 1210. In still other cases, bladder system 1300 may bedisposed in heel portion 14 of sole structure 1210. In an exemplaryembodiment, bladder system 1300 may be a full length bladder system thatextends throughout forefoot portion 10, midfoot portion 12 and heelportion 14.

Bladder system 1300 may include outer bladder 1302. Outer bladder 1302may comprise one or more layers that are generally impermeable to fluid.In the current embodiment, outer bladder 1302 comprises upper layer 1320and lower layer 1322 that are joined together at first periphery 1321and second periphery 1323. Moreover, upper layer 1320 and lower layer1322 comprise a boundary surface that encloses interior cavity 1330.

Outer bladder 1302 includes first portion 1324 and second portion 1326and third portion 1328 disposed between first portion 1324 and secondportion 1326. First portion 1324 generally extends through forefootportion 10. Second portion 1326 generally extends through heel portion14. In some cases, third portion 1328 may be associated with midfootportion 12.

In some embodiments, different portions of outer bladder 1302 may beseparated. In an exemplary embodiment, however, first portion 1324,second portion 1326 and third portion 1328 may all be in fluidcommunication with one another. This arrangement allows fluid tocirculate throughout the entirety of outer bladder 1302, which mayenhance cushioning effects.

Bladder system 1300 can include valve member 1350 that facilitates theinflation of outer bladder 1302. Valve member 1350 is disposed withininterior cavity 1330 of outer bladder 1302. Valve member 1350 comprisesa plug-like portion that receives valve 1352 and supports the transferof fluid into outer bladder 1302. In some embodiments, valve member 1350may be substantially more rigid than outer bladder 1302. Thisarrangement helps protect valve 1352 as well as any tubing or fluidlines connected to valve 1352.

Generally, valve 1352 may be any type of valve that is configured toengage with an external pump of some kind. In one embodiment, valve 1352could be a Schrader valve. In another embodiment, valve 1352 could be aPresta valve. In still other embodiments, valve 1352 could be any othertype of valve known in the art.

In some cases, valve member 1350 may be configured to deliver fluidbetween an external pump and interior cavity 1330 of outer bladder 1302.In some cases, an interior portion of valve member 1350 can includefluid passage 1370 (shown in phantom in FIG. 14). Fluid passage 1370 maybe a hollowed out portion of valve member 1350 that allows fluid toenter interior cavity 1330 from valve 1352.

In some embodiments, bladder system 1300 may include one or more tensilemembers disposed within outer bladder 1302. In the current embodiment,bladder system 1300 includes first tensile member 1304 and secondtensile member 1306. Although two tensile members are used in thecurrent embodiment, other embodiments could include a single tensilemember. Still other embodiments could include more than two tensilemembers.

In an exemplary embodiment, the structural features of first tensilemember 1304 and second tensile member 1306 may be substantially similarto first tensile member 204 and second tensile member 206 discussedabove. In particular, each tensile member can comprise two or moretextile layers that are connected by a plurality of connecting members.In other embodiments, however, second tensile member 1306 could differfrom first tensile member 1304 in size, shape, material characteristicsas well as any other features.

A bladder system can include provisions for supporting various differentportions of an article of footwear simultaneously. For example, in someembodiments including a first portion and a second portion of an outerbladder, the second portion may be reinforced using two tensile membersand the first portion may be reinforced using a single tensile member.This configuration may help maintain the shape of the outer bladder overdifferent regions of different thickness in the sole.

In the current embodiment, first tensile member 1304 has a size andshape to fit within heel portion 14 of outer bladder 1302. Additionally,second tensile member 1306 has a size and shape to extend through theentire length of outer bladder 1302. In particular, second tensilemember 1306 extends through heel portion 14, midfoot portion 12 andforefoot portion 10 of outer bladder 1302. This configuration helps toprovide support along the entire length of outer bladder 1302. Inparticular, this configuration maintains a larger height for heelportion 14 and a smaller height for forefoot portion 10 over a range ofdifferent inflation pressures for outer bladder 1302.

FIGS. 16 and 17 illustrate embodiments of bladder system 1300 in apartially inflated state and a fully inflated state. Referring to FIG.16, outer bladder 1302 has been inflated to a pressure P3. In thispartially inflated state, second portion 1326 has height H2 and firstportion 1324 has height H3. In this case, height H2 is substantiallygreater than height H3. In other words, this configuration provides araised configuration for a heel with respect to a forefoot for a user.Moreover, the height of second portion 1326 is constrained by thecombined heights of first tensile member 1304 and second tensile member1306. Likewise, the height of first portion 1324 is constrained by theheight of second tensile member 1306.

Referring now to FIG. 17, as outer bladder 1302 is inflated, theinternal pressure of outer bladder 1302 is increased to pressure P4,which is substantially greater than pressure P3. As the internalpressure of outer bladder 1302 increases, the volume of first portion1324 and second portion 1326 remain substantially constant. Inparticular, the height of first portion 1324 stays approximatelyconstant with a height H3. Likewise, the height of second portion 1326stays approximately constant with a height H2. This arrangement helps tomaintain a substantially constant shape for first portion 1324 andsecond portion 1326 regardless of the inflation pressure of outerbladder 1302. This may help to improve stability for a user.

Although the current embodiment uses tensile members to provide interiorsupport for an outer bladder, in other embodiments other kinds ofsupport structures could be used. For example, FIGS. 18 and 19illustrate an embodiment of bladder system 1800 that includes innerbladders, rather than tensile members, for supporting an outer bladder.Referring to FIGS. 18 and 19, bladder system 1800 includes outer bladder1802, first inner bladder 1804 and second inner bladder 1806. Bladdersystem 1800 also includes valve member 1820 that is disposed withininternal cavity 1830 of outer bladder 1802.

Generally, an inner bladder may be any type of bladder. In some cases,an inner bladder may be an inflatable bladder. In other cases, an innerbladder may not be inflatable. In other words, in some cases, the amountof fluid within the inner bladder may be fixed. In an exemplaryembodiment, one or more inner bladders may be sealed bladders withapproximately constant pressures. In particular, in some cases, thepressure of each inner bladder may be set at the time of manufacturing.

In different embodiments, inner bladders can be arranged within an outerbladder in any manner. In some cases, first inner bladder 1804 andsecond inner bladder 1806 may be stacked in a vertical manner withinouter bladder 1802. This provides a stacked bladder structure that helpsto reinforce the shape and geometry of outer bladder 1802.

Examples of different types of bladders that could be used as innerbladders can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 6,119,371 and U.S. Pat. No.5,802,738, both of which are hereby incorporated by reference. Moreover,the properties of one or more inner bladders could vary. Some mayinclude internal structures that enhance support and maintain resiliencyfor the bladders. Other inner bladders may comprise a single outer layerthat encloses an interior cavity. In still other embodiments, one ormore inner bladders could have any other material and/or structuralproperties.

In some embodiments, second inner bladder 1806 could be substantiallysimilar to first inner bladder 1804. In other embodiments, however,second inner bladder 1806 could differ from first inner bladder 1804 insize, shape, material characteristics as well as any other features. Inthe current embodiment, second inner bladder 1806 may sharesubstantially similar material and structural properties to first innerbladder 1804. In addition, second inner bladder 1806 may have asubstantially similar geometry to first inner bladder 1804.

In different embodiments, the relative pressures of one or more bladderscould vary. In one embodiment, first inner bladder 1804 and second innerbladder 1806 may be configured with substantially different internalpressures from outer bladder 1802. For example, in one embodiment, firstinner bladder 1804 and second inner bladder 1806 could have internalpressures that are substantially greater than the maximum inflationpressure of outer bladder 1802. In other words, in some cases, thepressure of outer bladder 1802 may not be increased above the internalpressures of first inner bladder 1804 and second inner bladder 1806.Using this arrangement, first inner bladder 1804 and second innerbladder 1806 may be substantially stiffer than outer bladder 1802.

It will be understood that in other embodiments, the relative internalpressures of each bladder could vary. In other embodiments, for example,first inner bladder 1804 and second inner bladder 1806 could haveinternal pressures substantially equal to or less than the maximuminflation pressure associated with outer bladder 1802.

In still other embodiments, an outer bladder can be filled with anyother kind of structures that provide support and enhance the operationof a bladder system. Although the current embodiments show systemsincluding tensile members and inner bladders, other embodiments couldinclude any other kinds of support structures that can be placed insidea bladder. One example of a bladder with various kinds of supportstructures is disclosed in Peyton et al., U.S. Pat. No. 8,479,412,issued Jul. 9, 2013 (U.S. application Ser. No. 12/630,642, filed Dec. 3,2009), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference.Another example is disclosed in Peyton, U.S. Pat. No. 8,381,418, issuedFeb. 26, 2013 (U.S. application Ser. No. 12/777,167, filed May 10,2010), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Anexample of a bladder incorporating a foam tensile member is disclosed inSchindler, U.S. Pat. No. 7,131,218, the entirety of which is herebyincorporated by reference.

While various embodiments have been described, the description isintended to be exemplary, rather than limiting and it will be apparentto those of ordinary skill in the art that many more embodiments andimplementations are possible that are within the scope of theembodiments. Accordingly, the embodiments are not to be restrictedexcept in light of the attached claims and their equivalents. Also,various modifications and changes may be made within the scope of theattached claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A bladder system for an article of footwear,comprising: a sole structure including an outer bladder bounding aninterior cavity; wherein the sole structure has a forefoot portion, aheel portion, and a midfoot portion in between the forefoot portion andthe heel portion; at least one tensile member disposed inside theinterior cavity; a valve member disposed inside the interior cavity, thevalve member providing fluid communication between the interior cavityand an exterior of the outer bladder; wherein the valve member isdisposed in the midfoot portion of the sole structure and includes: afirst surface that is forwardly oriented toward the forefoot portion andthat is at a decline toward the forefoot portion, a second surfacerearwardly oriented toward the heel portion and facing a sidewall of theat least one tensile member, a third surface that is generallyperpendicular to the first surface and the second surface and is on amedial side of the valve member, a fourth surface that is opposite tothe third surface, is generally perpendicular to the first surface andthe second surface, and is on a lateral side of the valve member, and afifth surface that is a lower surface that faces in a ground surfacedirection; and wherein the internal pressure of the outer bladder can beadjusted.
 2. The bladder system according to claim 1, wherein the outerbladder includes a first portion disposed in the midfoot portion of thesole structure and a second portion disposed in the heel portion of thesole structure.
 3. The bladder system according to claim 2, wherein thefirst surface of the valve member contacts an upper layer of the outerbladder, and wherein the fifth surface of the valve member contacts alower layer of the outer bladder, such that the valve member providesstructural support to the first portion of the outer bladder.
 4. Thebladder system according to claim 3, wherein the at least one tensilemember provides structural support to the second portion of the outerbladder.
 5. The bladder system according to claim 2, wherein the valvemember extends from a medial side of the first portion of the outerbladder to a lateral side of the first portion of the outer bladder, andwherein the at least one tensile member is disposed in the secondportion of the outer bladder.
 6. The bladder system according to claim2, wherein the outer bladder extends from the heel portion of the solestructure to the forefoot portion of the sole structure; wherein theouter bladder includes a third portion disposed in the forefoot portionof the sole structure; wherein the first portion, the second portion,and the third portion of the outer bladder are in fluid communication;wherein the valve member extends partially across a width of the firstportion of the outer bladder, leaving a remaining width of the firstportion of the outer bladder; and wherein the at least one tensilemember is disposed in the second portion of the outer bladder, in theremaining width of the first portion of the outer bladder adjacent tothe valve member, and in the third portion of the outer bladder.
 7. Thebladder system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one tensilemember comprises textile layers that are attached by connecting members.8. The bladder system according to claim 7, wherein the at least onetensile member is a stacked tensile member comprising a first tensilemember and a second tensile member.
 9. A bladder system for an articleof footwear, comprising: a sole structure including an outer bladder,the outer bladder bounding an interior cavity; the sole structure havinga heel portion, a forefoot portion, and a midfoot portion in between theheel portion and the forefoot portion; the outer bladder beingsubstantially deformable; the outer bladder extending from a firstportion in a midfoot portion of the sole structure to a second portionin the heel portion of the sole structure; the outer bladder having anupper layer and a lower layer; a valve member disposed inside theinterior cavity, the valve member including a valve and a fluid passagethat provides fluid communication between the valve and the interiorcavity; the valve member including: a contoured surface facing anexterior of the outer bladder in a direction toward the forefoot portionof the sole structure, an inwardly facing surface facing an interior ofthe outer bladder in a direction toward the heel portion of the solestructure, and a lower surface facing an exterior of the outer bladderin a ground contacting direction; the contoured surface having a heightthat tapers from an upper edge of the inwardly facing surface down to aforward edge of the lower surface; wherein, at the first portion of theouter bladder, the contoured surface is disposed against the upper layerof the outer bladder and the lower surface is disposed against the lowerlayer of the outer bladder, such that the upper layer tapers down in adirection toward the forefoot portion to join the lower layer; andwherein the contoured surface of the valve member provides a contouredshape for the first portion of outer bladder.
 10. The bladder systemaccording to claim 9, wherein the valve member is made of asubstantially more rigid material than the outer bladder.
 11. Thebladder system according to claim 9, wherein the height of the firstportion of the outer bladder decreases non-linearly from a maximumheight to approximately zero.
 12. The bladder system according to claim9, wherein the valve member extends from a medial side of the midfootportion of the sole structure to a lateral side of the midfoot portionof the sole structure.
 13. The bladder system according to claim 9,wherein the contoured surface is a convex surface.
 14. The bladdersystem according to claim 9, wherein the height of the valve memberdecreases non-linearly from a maximum height at the inwardly facingsurface to approximately zero at the forward edge of the lower surface.15. The bladder system according to claim 9, wherein the valve member isa valve plug.
 16. The bladder system according to claim 9, furthercomprising a supporting inner bladder disposed inside the interiorcavity of the outer bladder in the second portion of the outer bladder.17. The bladder system according to claim 16, wherein the supportinginner bladder provides a substantially constant shape for the secondportion of the outer bladder and wherein the valve member provides asubstantially constant shape for the first portion of the outer bladder.18. A bladder system for an article of footwear, comprising: a solestructure including an outer bladder bounding an interior cavity; theouter bladder including a first portion and a second portion; at leastone support structure disposed inside the interior cavity; a valvemember disposed inside the interior cavity, the valve member providingfluid communication between the interior cavity and an exterior of theouter bladder; wherein the at least one support structure provides asubstantially constant shape for the second portion of the outer bladderand wherein the valve member provides a substantially constant shape forthe first portion of the outer bladder; and wherein the at least onesupport structure is an inner bladder.
 19. The bladder system accordingto claim 18, wherein the volume of the interior cavity of the outerbladder remains approximately constant as the internal pressure of theouter bladder varies.
 20. The bladder system according to claim 18,wherein the internal pressure of the inner bladder is substantiallygreater than a maximum internal pressure of the outer bladder.